Psychological Mechanisms of Understanding Contemporary Texts of American Writers

The purpose of the article is to define style novel as complex and multi-layered process, propose psychological mechanisms understanding contemporary texts American writers. The following theoretical methods research were used solve tasks formulated in article: a categorical method, structural functional methods, analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The results research. degree closeness such secondary text source will depend on many factors – level human text, expectations attitudes reader, reader’s interests, reading goals so on. include its division into relatively independent attitude terms actual content passages (text elements) with their subsequent regrouping order separate main context, establishment hierarchy meanings. Conclusions. There proposed writers. first one mechanism Decentralization: keeping minds reader two contradictory ideas at same time while maintaining ability act, analyzing novels, creating own stories, solving situations; overcoming personal egocentric manifestations; show tolerant, impartial opinions statements communication partners; transformation meaning images, concepts, ideas, taking account author’s emotional cognitive positions, points view, actions, lifestyle others; change views positions by comparison point view representations other people others. next Empathy: nature independently selected novels (romantic, realistic, philosophical ones) for analysis; recognition mental states depicted (a plot, portrait, music, painting, psycho-artistic situations); determination characters partners, congruence behavior non-standard-stimulating situations or dissonance. And third Reflection: implementation relationships elements constructive system; substantiation one’s certain situation, participants, identification situational determinants subjects this situation (including if these are author heroes novel).